Raspberry Pi or Arduino? One Simple Rule to Choose the Right Board

Original Post from Make

We see new, ingenious projects from our community every day. Many of these projects are made possible with the use of development boards. However, if you’re new to the whole idea, it can be confusing to parse out the differences between boards and the advantages of using one over another.

We’ve created this super simple guide to help you get started. Then, when you’re ready, head to the Maker Shed to check out Arduino and Raspberry Pi Starter Kits, which come with all the goodies you need for your inaugural projects. Not sure you want all those peripherals yet? Start with the essentials: Grab the board of your choice and guide yourself with our Getting Started With series for Arduino and for Raspberry Pi.

WHAT IS THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN THE TWO?
An Arduino is a microcontroller motherboard. A microcontroller is a simple computer that can run one program at a time, over and over again. It is very easy to use.

A Raspberry Pi is a general-purpose computer, usually with a Linux operating system, and the ability to run multiple programs. It is more complicated to use than an Arduino.

WHAT WOULD I USE EACH FOR?
Using Arduino

Use an Arduino and Relays to Control AC Lights and Appliances

High-Speed Splash Photography Rig with Arduino

Build Your Own Arduino Weather Station
Arduino is best used for simple repetitive tasks: opening and closing a garage door, reading the outside temperature and reporting it to Twitter, driving a simple robot.

Raspberry Pi is best used when you need a full-fledged computer: driving a more complicated robot, performing multiple tasks, doing intense calculations (as for Bitcoin or encryption)

IS THERE A SIMPLE RULE OF THUMB TO HELP ME DECIDE?
Using Raspberry Pi

$5 Raspberry Pi Zero Pirate Radio Throwies

Roomba, I Command Thee: Use Raspberry Pi for Voice Control

Create a Smart Beer Fridge with a Raspberry Pi
Yes, there is! Think about what you want your project to do. If you can describe it with less than two ‘and’s, get an Arduino. If you need more than two ‘and’s, get a Raspberry Pi.

Examples:
“I want to monitor my plants and have them Tweet me when they need water.” That can best be done by an Arduino.

“I want to monitor my plants and have them Tweet me when they need water and check the National Weather Service and, if the forecast is for fair weather, turn on the irrigation system and if the forecast is for rain, do nothing.” That would best be handled by a Raspberry Pi.

ISN’T THAT RULE OF THUMB OVERSIMPLIFYING WHAT IS ACTUALLY A MUCH MORE COMPLEX ISSUE?
Yes. That’s what a rule of thumb is.

LOOK, THIS IS CONFUSING! JUST TELL ME WHICH ONE I SHOULD BUY!
Arduino. It’s better for beginners.