Phil Tucker made a EQTrigger, EQ Based Relay Guitar Stomp Box inspired by a post on HackaDay. He made it with the MSGEQ7, as the audio analyzing chip, and then connected the breakout board to an Arduino Nano. You can find sample code and a library linked from the DFRobot product page. He used a momentary switch to sample the desired threshold and then used that to compare the real-time input to.
Here's a video of how it works.
Hardware List?