How can I adjust the range of detected distance?I only need about 10 cm, but it only works at 200cm, I guess...*editI just checked your wiki website and figured it out.It really h...

This sensor is a PNP sensor and when triggered the signal wire is connected to the supply +.
So as long as you supply >85mA to the sensor, this sensor can trigger an 85mA relay.

Is this sensor active or passive IR? That is, does it have it's own IR source? I need a sensor for a completely dark environment. How does it do with a dusty environment?

but it's water resistant right? and does it also detect transparent objects i.e seawater?

will it also work on stm32 boards?

Black is GND, Brown is VCC and Blue is Digital.